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Trajectories of plant communities can be described by different models of plant succession. While a Clementsian (gradual continuum model) or Gleasonia...

Drought frequency and intensity are predicted to increase in many parts of the Northern Hemisphere and the effects of such changes on forest growth an...

Historical reference conditions have long been used to guide the restoration of degraded ecosystems. However, a rapidly changing climate and altered d...

Wind farms generate little or no pollution. However, one of their main adverse impacts is bird mortality through collisions with turbine rotors. Envir...

Wild bees are one of the most important groups of pollinators in the temperate zone. Therefore, population declines have potentially negative impacts ...

Tree plantations play an important role in meeting the growing demand for wood, but there is concern about their high rates of water use. Recent appro...

Highly disturbed areas such as surface-mined land provide a great challenge for ecological restoration. The goal is to identify appropriate restoratio...

An important factor limiting the wider application of constructed ecosystems for bioremediation of sites contaminated by toxic chemicals is their rela...

1. There is increasing demand to expand the extent of native woodland in the UK, to tackle both climate change and biodiversity crises. In general, th...

Extensive clearing of native vegetation for agriculture has severely impacted upon Australia's biodiversity. Environmental tree planting, forestry and...