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The saltmarshes of south-east England are eroding rapidly. Field and laboratory experiments were used to test the hypotheses that: (i) at the mudflat-...

Generalist arthropod predators act as natural enemies of insect pests in agro-ecosystems. Crop management activities may cause a reduction in arthropo...

Light-demanding trees and thorny shrubs in temperate plant communities may reflect adaptations to now-extinct large grazers, such as aurochs and tarpa...

Heteronomous hyperparasitism, in which male parasitoids develop at the expense of conspecific females or competing parasitoid species, is characterist...

The effect of different livestock grazing regimes on the insect fauna of an upland, semi-natural grassland was measured in 1993 and 1994 in the UK by ...

In the course of land-use change, especially since the mid-20th century, the area of semi-natural (unimproved) grasslands has dramatically decreased. ...

The ecological resistance to the invasion of alien species has been extensively researched at the within-trophic level; however, the effect of cross-t...

In the temperate mixed oak forests of Central Europe, outbreaks of insects such as the spongy moth, Lymantria dispar, can cause severe defoliation and...

Plants act as ecosystem engineers playing fundamental roles in steering their surroundings, including soil abiotic and biotic conditions, soil organis...

The highly invasive spotted wing Drosophila Drosophila suzukii is a key pest of soft fruit and berries in Europe and North America, and development of...