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Sustainable exploitation must minimize its impact on the ecology and evolution of exploited wildlife. Intense phenotype-based selective harvests can i...

There are many arthropod species on farmland that are not economic pests but which have an important role in the wider ecology of agricultural ecosyst...

While many ecosystems depend on fire to maintain biodiversity, non-native plant invasions can enhance fire intensity, suppressing native species and g...

Many parasites of medical and veterinary importance infect via free-living stages that undergo a period of development in the environment before seeki...

When assessing the cause of population absence or decline, it is important to understand the relative effect of local, regional and global factors. In...

Adult coho salmon Oncorhynchus kisutch return each autumn to freshwater spawning habitats throughout western North America. The migration coincides wi...

The potential risks of accidental or intentional introduction of transgenic organisms to nature are unknown. We have previously shown that, after bein...

Green-tree retention (GTR) has been suggested as a means to effectively support epiphytic lichen species in managed forests, given the low lichen mort...

8 Mediterranean populations of P. tuberosa covering the climatic range from Morocco and Israel (severe summer drought, growing season 5-6 months) to N...

Chemical effects on organisms are typically assessed using individual-level endpoints or sometimes population growth rate (PGR), but such measurements...