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Cylindrical enclosures (1.25 m high and 0.75 m in diam., constructed of transparent plastic) were used to investigate the effects of increased concn o...

Light-demanding trees and thorny shrubs in temperate plant communities may reflect adaptations to now-extinct large grazers, such as aurochs and tarpa...

Livestock grazing has degraded many arid and semi-arid rangelands around the world, and the drier climate predicted by climate change scenarios may am...

The composition of agro-ecological landscapes is thought to have important implications for the production of major crops through its effects on polli...

Sowing is a well-established restoration technique to overcome dispersal limitation. Seed mixtures adapted to certain environmental conditions, like s...

Outbreaks of the water vole Arvicola terrestris cause severe damage in grasslands of upland regions of Europe. The sheer speed of this phenomenon is a...

Ecological filter models derived from community assembly theory can inform restoration planning by highlighting management actions most likely to affe...

Protected areas form the backbone of global conservation efforts. Vegetation is the primary foundation for achieving conservation goals, and soil seed...

Fragmentation of heather and conversion to grass under heavy grazing is a widespread phenomenon. In the British uplands it is attributed in particular...

Natural ecosystems face ever-increasing anthropogenic threats from activities such as logging. It is therefore important to: (i) understand anthropoge...