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Understanding the effects of red deer Cervus elaphus grazing on a range of plant communities is important for formulating guidelines for the managemen...

The risk of pest damage in forest monocultures is a growing concern as the area of plantation forest expands worldwide and sustainable management is b...

Farmland is readily divisible into linear habitats such as hedges, and nonlinear habitats such as fields and woodlots. In agricultural landscapes, con...

According to the range limit hypothesis, the distribution of many temperate species is restricted by a trade-off between their capacity to survive win...

Water levels in areas with intensive agriculture have often been strictly controlled for decades. Recently, more natural fluctuating water levels have...

Spatial scale of processes is necessary information to design appropriate ecosystem research and management. In-stream ecological processes are tightl...

The encroachment of woody plants into grasslands, open woodlands and savannah has been widely reported over the past few decades. Overgrazing is a pro...

Stream food webs are connected with their riparian zones through cross-ecosystem movements of energy and nutrients. The use and impact of terrestrial ...

Exploitation of non-timber forest products can contribute to the alleviation of poverty. However, overexploitation can also lead to species decline. S...

Subordinate plants have a significant impact on soil organisms in primary successional floodplains and grassland ecosystems, but their role in subtrop...