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1. In recent decades, plastic tree shelters have been used to great effect to provide protection to individual planted trees in created woodlands. How...

Management of trees with high conservation value under altered land use is challenging. This applies to European aspen Populus tremula, a keystone tre...

While shrubs appear to be expanding in Arctic tundra due to climatic warming, patches of tall shrubs in riparian habitats are most likely to colonize ...

Tree encroachment into herbaceous and shrub communities is a common phenomenon world-wide. Encroachment of the tree Allocasuarina huegeliana in sandpl...

Subarctic forest-tundra ecotones dominated by mountain birch (Betula pubescens ssp. czerepanovii) are an important habitat for semi-domestic reindeer ...

The amount and seasonality of browsing on experimentally planted saplings (<30 cm tall) of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris), silver birch (Betula pend...

Ungulates place immense consumptive pressure on forest vegetation globally, leaving legacies of reduced biodiversity and simplified vegetative structu...

The foraging dynamics of the moose (Alces alces) were studied in trials near Umeå, Sweden in winter 1988-89 in the following artificial stands set up ...

Changes in biomass and annual production measured from 1972 to 1976 in four woodlands, the miombo, the Sengwa/Lutope riverine, the Manyoni riverine an...

Invasive herbivores can have large negative impacts on natural ecosystems. Management of invasive populations often requires frequent, broadscale, exp...