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Multiple ecosystem functions need to be considered simultaneously to manage and protect the several ecosystem services that are essential to people an...

Gardens in cities have been the focus of a wider public health debate in Europe's polluted and dense cities, for the elderly and considering the curre...

The net transport of nutrients by migratory fish from oceans to inland spawning areas has decreased due to population declines and migration barriers....

Modern intensive agriculture relies heavily on pesticides to control weeds, pathogens and insect pests. Forecasting and managing the impact of pests a...

Land clearing for irrigated agriculture in the Sudan clay plains is urgently needed because the Roseires Dam is to be completed in 1967. Two different...

Plantation forests constitute a significant amount of the wooded area in many parts of the globe. However, the extent of biological provision conferre...

Roads provide suitable conditions for the establishment and growth of exotic species. Most roads are bordered by drainage ditches forming a network of...

Tamarisk species (Tamarix ramosissima Ledeb., T. chinensis Lour., T. gallica L. and hybrids) have invaded riparian areas throughout western North Amer...

Forests are becoming increasingly fragmented world-wide, creating forest patches with reduced area and greater exposure to human land uses along fragm...

Pre-release testing for biological control agents is focused primarily on assessment of host-range specificity and safety of potential agents. Agent i...